intent or motive, and connect individuals to criminal activities. However, challenges such as data privacy concerns, issues of authenticity, and the need for specialized expertise in digital forensics can impact the admissibility and reliability of digital evidence. Therefore, it's crucial for parties presenting digital evidence to adhere to legal standards and procedures, including demonstrating the authenticity and integrity of the evidence, maintaining chain of custody records, and providing expert testimony when necessary. Forgery/tampering of physical documents used to be a way of misleading a judicial process, but the recent technological advancements have extended the definition of forgery/ tampering, whereby challenging the credibility of evidences which are relied upon while dispensing justice. Overall, digital evidence holds considerable legal value in court proceedings and is expected to play an increasingly prominent role in the justice system as technology continues to evolve. The use of electronic evidence in criminal proceedings, including photographs, videos, and audio recordings, has been a longstanding practice. Since the Nuremberg trials, these materials have played a crucial role in documenting and prosecuting various types of crimes. In recent decades, with the increase in technology for the criminal activities the use of technology for committing crimes has increased which has been witnessed in domestic, regional and international court cases. Apart from this, digital technologies are also serving a tool to record evidences related to crimes. In both of the scenarios, the recognition of digital records as evidences for the purpose of deciding any case has become the need of the time. For example, over 4 million videos related to the Syrian conflict have been uploaded on YouTube alone, surpassing the duration of the conflict itself. International Criminal Court ( ICC) investigators and prosecutors have adapted to evidence collection trend by collecting user-generated digital and open-source evidence for use in trials. The Office of the Prosecutor began collecting digital evidence in 2008 in the Bemba case1, and video evidence was introduced in the first trial before the Court, Prosecutor v Thomas Lubanga Dyilo2. By 2011, this type of evidence had been collected in investigations related to Kenya, Ivory Coast, and Libya. To ensure the authenticity, The Prosecutor v. Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo, Case No. ICC-01/05-01/08, Judgment Pursuant to Article 74 of the Statute, Int’l Crim. Ct. (Mar. 21, 2016), available at: https://www.icccpi.int/sites/default/files/CaseInformationSheets/BembaEng.pdf 1 Prosecutor v. Thomas Lubanga Dyilo, Case No. ICC-01/04-01/06, Judgment Pursuant to Article 74 of the Statute, Int’l Crim. Ct. (Mar. 14, 2012), available at : https://www.icccpi.int/sites/default/files/CaseInformationSheets/LubangaEng.pdf 2 5