2. Require that all current and future road, rail and underground power grid designs incorporate common crossing ducts to prevent damage wherever crossing is needed and provide commonly available fiber ducts along their length; 3. Take direct corrective measures to protect against way leave encroachment by developers especially land owners whose properties front major highways and other access roads; 4. Where there are no pre-existing ducts, to require infrastructure sharing on new builds as a pre-requisite condition for licensing. The government will where appropriate provide fee breaks, incentives, discounts, government cost-sharing and grants to the primary duct developer and require the provision of equitable access to other service providers, government agencies and utility companies. Wireless Data Infrastructure: The Government will facilitate the ubiquitous deployment of new-generation high-speed wireless broadband connectivity infrastructure, in order to reduce from- thecurb and in-building deployment costs, improve the cost effectiveness of broadband delivery and access, and provide effective, reliable, secure internet infrastructure. All new government network builds and deployments will consider a wireless-first approach. This requirement especially applies to village, small community and government building networks. Broadcast Signal Distribution: The Government will continue to license broadcast signal distribution services depending on the market growth and the availability of the required radio frequency spectrum resources to ensure that the use of broadcasting infrastructure is maximised and frequencies are utilised efficiently. All licensed signal distributors will be required to provide services to licensees on an open access and non-discriminatory basis. IPv6: The Government will support and encourage the migration to modern internet protocols that provide functional efficiency and sufficient scope for future technological developments. All national government installations will use IPv6 at a minimum. All new national government installations must use IPv6. Ministry of ICT, Kenya Complementary Infrastructure: The Government recognises that the economic impact of ICT is contextual and dependent on other complementary infrastructure such as energy, transport and communications. The Government will: 1. Provide incentives that enable the development of infrastructure for the public good 2. Strengthen mechanisms that ensure open access for all players and users 3. Provide support infrastructure such as roads, power grid access, and security to support ICT development Domiciliation of Manufacture: It is the government’s aim and policy to establish the manufacture of ICT equipment and infrastructure components in Kenya. To this end, the government has provided in various sections of this policy, incentives and various measures to achieve this objective, such as: 1. Ensuring that a percentage of rare earths mined in Kenya are kept for domestic consumption and manufacture 2. Providing fiscal incentives for the creation of local manufacturing plants 3. Providing for technology licensing assistance to Kenyan enterprises 4. The provision of free government funded consultancy and mentoring services especially to the ICT manufacturing sector 5. Regional and continental trade assistance and market access, amongst others 6.1.3 Universal Access It is the policy of Government to ensure that ICT services both public and private, and the requisite knowledge to deploy and use them are available to our citizens at the time, place and manner that they are required, and also that all citizens can and will participate in the knowledge economy. The government will seek to ensure that: 1. The Universal Service Fund is prudently managed to drive universal access and that service is provided in areas service 15/37 November-2019