offending material, then the removal takes effect globally. 17. Mr. Sanjeev Sindhwani, ld. Senior Counsel appearing for Twitter submits that the grant of a global injunction can have a regressive effect even on India. He relies upon Section 13 CPC to submit that India also prescribes various conditions to recognize judgments of foreign Courts. He further relies upon the Sections 3 and 4 of the IPC to argue that if there are extra territorial offences, an order of an Indian Court would not be enforceable abroad. The principles of comity of courts and comity of nations requires Courts to respect the territoriality of their jurisdiction. The contraventions under the Act cannot be dealt with by a Civil Court as they are criminal offences. The High Court of Justice in Northern Ireland, in George Galloway v. William Frederick Frazer & Ors. [2016] NIQB 7 has held that no global injunction can be granted. The Defendants have already complied with the orders on a pan-India basis and geo-blocking has been done. The Plaintiffs have not complained of any violations of the order that has already been passed, and under the provisions of Order VI Rule 4 CPC, pleadings are required to be specific and in the absence thereof, no injunction can be granted. The mere apprehension of use of VPN and proxy servers to access global websites cannot be sufficient to presume that the data is likely to be transmitted and accessed in India. In Suresh Jindal v. Rizosli Corriere Della Sera Prodzioni T.V. S.p.a. and Ors [1991] Suppl. (2) SCC 3, the Supreme Court, being conscious of the limitations, granted an injunction against dissemination only in India. In view of the fact that the global standard to protect free speech could be very low in various jurisdictions, Indian Courts, which have a higher standard for free speech, should not impose the said standards internationally. In Shreya Singhal CS (OS) 27/2019 Page 12 of 76

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