Thus, for example, as the Respondents present it in their preliminary response, the community standards of the Facebook social network establish that a user cannot use the end-user services for a purpose “that is unlawful, misleading, discriminatory or fraudulent”. The said company also has the power to deny or restrict access to content that constitutes a violation of the rules. In addition, the community standards of that company-operator establish various restrictions on content published on Facebook, and in regard to activity on that platform, inter alia, provisions in regard to publications that will not be permitted. Thus, for example, they establish a prohibition upon publishing threats that are likely to lead to “high-severity” violence, and declarations of intentions to commit violent acts. These rules generally create a “Notice and Take Down” mechanism (and see: EA 8/21 Shachar Ben Meir, Adv., v. Likud [1], para. 86 (Feb. 27, 2019); and compare: EA 27/21 Yisrael Beiteinu Faction v. Shamir Systems and Operators Ltd. [2], paras 28-29 (Feb. 26, 2019)). By virtue of this mechanism, if the network platform operators receive notice of an alleged violation, they decide whether to leave the publication or remove it. Of late, it is possible to challenge a “take down decision”, at least on Facebook, before a kind of “appeals committee” that has the authority to conclusively decide upon complaints concerning decisions to remove contents from the platform. In early 2020, the board of directors published the said appeals committees, and the rules and procedures that govern such “appeals” (see: OVERSIGHT BOARD BYLAWS (2021); and see: Evelyn Douek, What Kind of Oversight Board Have You Given Us?, U. CHICAGO L. REV. ONLINE 1 (2020)). 9. The Cyber Department thus operates on the above track of a “notice and take down mechanism”. In the context of the matter before us, this is carried out in a manner agreed upon between the Department and the relevant internet platform operators, according to which, when the Department takes notice of information concerning a publication that, prima facie, violates Israeli law (whether included in the Prevention of Crimes Law, or not included in that Law), the staff of the Department refers the matter to the attention of the internet platform operators, by means of a structured mechanism for reporting harmful publications, that a prima facie offense is being committed on the infrastructure that it operates. The internet platform operators, in turn, address the report and decide, at their independent discretion, how to act and what to do in regard to the said report – whether to restrict access to that publication, remove it, block the user who

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