‫"ﻋﻘﺎﺭ ﻭﻤﻨﻘﻭل" "ﻋﻘﺎﺭ " ﻴﺸﻤل ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﺼل ﺒﻬﺎ ﺇﺘﺼﺎل ﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻴﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﺒﺸﺊ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺼل ﺒﻬﺎ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ‪ ,‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻋﺩﺍ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍل ﻓﻬﻭ ﻤﻨﻘﻭل ‪،‬‬ ‫"ﻋﻘﻭﺒﺔ ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺭﻴﺔ"‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻨﻰ ﺃﻱ ﻋﻘﻭﺒﺔ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺼﺎﺹ ‪،‬‬ ‫" ﻋﻠ ﻡ "‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺎل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺹ ﺍﻨﻪ ﻴﻌﻠﻡ ﺸﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﺩﺭﻙ ﺍﻝﺸﻲﺀ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻝﺩﻴﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺒﻪ ‪،‬‬ ‫"ﻓﻌل "‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺍﻝﻔﻌل" ﺘﺸﻤل" ﺍﻻﻤﺘﻨﺎﻉ " ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺎﻝﻑ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻘﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﺸﻤل ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ‪،‬‬ ‫" ﻗﺼﺩ "‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺎل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺹ ﺍﻨﻪ ﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻷﺜﺭ "ﻗﺼﺩﹰﺍ " ﺇﺫﺍ ﺴﺒﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺘﺴﺒﻴﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻴﻌﻠﻡ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺴﺒﺏ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻷﺜﺭ ‪ ,‬ﺃﻭ ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﺩﻴﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﻴﺤﺘﻤل ﺃﻥ ﺘﺴﺒﺒﻪ ‪،‬‬ ‫" ﻗﺼﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﺵ "‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺎل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺹ ﺍﻨﻪ ﻓﻌل ﺸﻴﺌﹰﺎ "ﺒﻘﺼﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﺵ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﺼﺩ ﺨﺩﺍﻉ ﻏﻴﺭﻩ ‪ ,‬ﻝﻴﺘﻭﺼل ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﺍﻉ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﺴﺏ ﺃﻭ ﻤﻴﺯﺓ ﻝﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻝﻐﻴﺭﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺘﺴﺒﻴﺏ ﺨﺴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻝﺸﺨﺹ ﺁﺨﺭ ‪.‬‬ ‫"ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺎﻤﻴﺔ "‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻤل ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﻭﻗﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻭﻗﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻱ ﻗﻭﺍﺕ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺘﺴﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ‪.‬‬ ‫"ﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ"‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺎل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺹ ﺃﻥ ﻝﺩﻴﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻝﺩﻴﻪ ﺃﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻝﻼﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ‪ ,‬ﺃﻭ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﻅﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺘﺩﻋﻭ ﻤﺜﻠﻪ ﻝﻼﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫"ﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ "‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻤل ﺃﻱ ﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺘﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻗﻀﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﻘﺘﻀﻰ ﺃﻱ ﻗﺎﻨﻭﻥ ‪،‬‬ ‫"ﻤﻜﻠﻑ "‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻝﻠﺸﺨﺹ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﻝﻎ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻗل ﻭﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﺸﺨﺹ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﻝﺩﻴﻪ ﺃﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻝﻺﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻲ ‪،‬‬