2024/9/2 凌晨12:19 Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China Where a person taking an urgent action to avert danger exceeds the necessary limit and therefore causes unnecessary harm, he shall bear criminal liability, but shall be given a mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment. The provisions in the first paragraph of this Article on the averting danger from a person himself do not apply to those who take specified responsibilities by virtue of their posts or professions. Section 2 Preparation, Attempt and Abandonment of a Crime Article 22 Preparation for a crime refers to the preparation of instruments or the creation of conditions for the commission of the crime. An offender whose act falls within the definition of the preparation for a crime may, with reference to the punishment imposed on a person who has completed the crime, be given a lighter or mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment. Article 23 Criminal attempt occurs when an offender has already started to commit a crime but fails to complete the crime because of factors independent of the offender’s will. An offender whose act falls within the definition of the criminal attempt may be given a lighter or mitigated punishment with reference to the punishment imposed on a person who has completed the crime. Article 24 Abandonment of a crime occurs when, during the process of committing a crime, an offender voluntarily abandons the crime or voluntarily and effectively prevents the consequences of the crime from occurring. An offender whose act falls within the definition of the abandonment of a crime shall be exempted from punishment if no harm is caused and shall be given a mitigated punishment if harm is caused. Section 3 Joint Crimes Article 25 A joint crime refers to a crime committed intentionally by two or more persons jointly. A negligent crime by two or more persons shall not be punished as a joint crime. Where criminal liability is involved, these persons shall be punished separately according to the crimes they have committed. Article 26 A person who organizes or leads a criminal group in conducting criminal activities or plays a principal role in a joint crime is a principal offender. A relatively stable criminal organization composed of three or more persons to jointly commit crimes is a criminal group. The ringleader who organizes or leads a criminal group shall be punished based on all the crimes committed by the group. en.npc.gov.cn.cdurl.cn/2020-12/26/c_921604.htm 8/9