CONSTIFPP.DOC 1999] 4. 5. 6. 7. 2/7/01 10:40 PM CONSTITUTION OF ERITREA 525 encourage and develop people’s initiative and participation in their communities. Pursuant to the provisions of this Constitution and laws enacted pursuant thereto, all Eritreans, without distinction, are guaranteed equal opportunity to participate in any position of leadership in the country. The conduct of the affairs of government and all organisations and institutions shall be accountable and transparent. The organisation and operation of all political, public associations and movements shall be guided by the principles of national unity and democracy. The State shall create conditions necessary for developing a democratic political culture defined by free and critical thinking, tolerance and national consensus. Article 8 - Economic and Social Development 1. 2. 3. The State shall strive to create opportunities to ensure the fulfilment of citizens’ rights to social justice and economic development and to fulfil their material and spiritual needs. The State shall work to bring about a balanced and sustainable development throughout the country, and shall use all available means to enable all citizens to improve their livelihood in a sustainable manner, through their participation. In the interest of present and future generations, the State shall be responsible for managing all land, water, air and natural resources and for ensuring their management in a balanced and sustainable manner; and for creating the right conditions to secure the participation of the people in safeguarding the environment. Article 9 - National Culture 1. 2. 3. The State shall be responsible for creating and promoting conditions conducive for developing a national culture capable of expressing national identity, unity and progress of the Eritrean people. The State shall encourage values of community solidarity and love and respect of the family. The State shall promote the development of the arts, science,