Article 52 (As amended by the Constitutional Law of October 17, 1927, And the constitutional law of November 9, 1943, And by the constitutional law of September 21,1990) The President of the Republic shall negotiate and ratify international treaties in agreement with the Prime Minister. These treaties are not considered ratified except after approve by the Council of Ministers. They shall be made known to the Chamber and Deputies whenever the national interest and security of the state permit. However, treaties involving the finances of the state, commercial treaties, and in general treaties that cannot be renounced every year shall not be considered ratified until they have been approved by the Chamber of Deputies. Article 53 (As amended by the Constitutional Law of October 17, 1927, And by the constitutional law o January 21, 1947, And by the constitutional law of september 21, 199) 1. The President of the Republic preside over the Council of Ministers when he wishes without participating in voting. 2. The President of the Republic shall designate the Prime Minister in consultation with the President of the Chamber of Deputies based on binding parliamentary consultations, the content of which he shall formally disclose to the latter. 3. He alone shall issue the Decree which designates the Prime Minister. 4. He shall issue, in agreement with the Prime Minister, the decree appointing the Cabinet and the decrees accepting the resignation of Ministers or their dismissal. 5. He alone shall issue, the decrees accepting the resignation of the Cabinet or considering it resigned. 6. He shall forward to the Chamber of Deputies Bills that are delivered to him by the Council of Ministers. 7. He shall accredit ambassadors and accept the credentials of ambassadors. 8. He shall preside over official functions and grant official decorations by Decree. 9. He shall grant particular pardons by Decree, but a general amnesty cannot be granted except by a law. 10. He shall address, when necessary, messages to the Chamber of Deputies. 11. He may introduce, from outside the agenda, any urgent matter to the council of Ministers. 12. He may, in agreement with the Prime Minister, call the Council of Ministers to an extraordinary session whenever he deems this it necessary. Article 54 (As amended by the Constitutional Law of september 21, 1990) The decisions of the President of the Republic must be countersigned by the Prime Minister and the Minister or Ministers concerned with the exception of the Decree designating a new Prime Minister and the Decree accepting the resignation of the Cabinet or considering it resigned. Decrees issuing laws must be countersigned by the Prime Minister.