Chapter I Definitions Article (1): For the purposes of the application of the provisions of this Law, the following words and expressions shall have the meanings given below, unless otherwise required by the context: 1. The Ministry: The Ministry of Commerce and Industry 2. The Minister: The Minister of Commerce and Industry 3. Author: The natural person who creates the work. 4. Work: Any production in the literary, artistic, or scientific domain, of whatever type, way of expression, importance, or purpose. 5. Creation: The creative nature, which gives originality and distinction to the work. 6. Collective work: Any work created by a group of authors under the supervision of a natural or legal person who undertakes to publish under his own liability and supervision. The efforts of authors shall be integrated in the general objective when it is not possible to separate the share of all authors and distinguish it independently. 7. Joint work: Any work created with the contribution of many persons irrespective of whether it is possible or not to distinguish the share of each, unless otherwise agreed, and which is not classified under collective works. 8. Derivative work: Any new work created and produced from an existing one, like translations, musical adaptations, arrangements, and other alterations. 9. Audio-visual work: The work composed of a series of linked images giving the impression of motion and recorded on medium or any other devices, either along with audio or not, like movies. 10. Work of Applied Arts: Any artistic creation of useful functions or integrated into a tool for use concerning a work for producing traditional or industrial crafts. 11. Work of Photography: Any recording of light or any other radiation on a medium producing an image or from which an image can be produced, whatever is the technical nature through which the recording was accomplished. 12. Expressions of national folklore: Any expression or production of distinguishable elements reflecting the traditional popular heritage that was originated developed and maintained in the Sultanate of Oman to express the traditional cultural identity which is communicated through generations, including particularly the following expressions: a) Oral expressions such as popular stories, anecdotes, sayings, mysteries, poems, and other folklores. b) Musical expressions such as folk songs accompanied by musical instruments. c) Movement performances such as dances, popular artistic presentations, and traditional popular rituals.