3. Classification of information as a state secret is governed by law. Such classification is effectively conferred by the employee who produces the information, in line with the provisions of the classification system. 4. Documents classified as state secret are subject to protective measures to guard against espionage, sabotage and information leaks. Article 22 (Judicial Secrecy) Judicial secrecy is governed by specific legislation, in order to safeguard the pursuit of sound judicial practice and protect the privacy of citizens Article 23 (Professional Secrecy) 1. Information relating to professional secrecy is confidential. 2. Civil servants and any other persons who, by virtue of their occupation, have access to classified information are required to maintain professional secrecy. Article 24 (Banking Secrecy) 1. Disclosure, exposure or use of information on facts or elements pertaining to the activities of credit institutions and financial corporations or their relationships with customers is prohibited where such knowledge is acquired exclusively in the course of performing duties or providing services. 2. Names of customers’,accounts, movements and other financial transactions are especially confidential. 3. Facts or elements pertaining to customer relations with credit institutions and financial corporations may be disclosed, subject to explicit permission by the customer. Article 25 (Personal data held by authorities) Information held by authorities concerning privacy of an identified or identifiable natural person, may not be disclosed, other than through a judicial ruling.   7