3. instruments and documents that are required by law to be authenticated; 4. negotiable commercial instruments in accordance with the provisions of the Trade Regulation Law. Based on the resolution of the Council of Ministers, the recommendation of the Supreme Council and for the public interest, it may be deleted or added to any of the exempt matters stipulated in the above-mentioned paragraph. Chapter Three Requirements of Electronic Transactions Article 4 When concluding contracts or conducting transactions, an offer or acceptance thereof, may be expressed in whole or in part, by means of data message transmitted through electronic communications. The use of one or more data messages in concluding contracts or conducting transactions shall not prejudice the validity or enforceability thereof. Article 5 The data message shall be deemed to have been sent by the originator if it was sent by the originator itself. A data message shall also be deemed to be sent by the originator in the following cases: 1. Where the data message was sent by a person who had the authority to act on behalf of the originator in respect of the data message whenever sent by an information system or automated message system programmed to operate by, or on behalf of, the originator. 2. Where the addressee properly applied a procedure previously agreed to by the originator for that purpose in order to ascertain whether the data message was that of the originator. 3. Where the data message as received by the addressee resulted from the actions of a person whose relationship with the originator or with any agent of the originator enabled that person to lawfully gain access to a method used by the originator to identify the data message as its own. Article 6 A data message shall not be deemed originated from the originator in the following two cases: 1. where the addressee receives a notice from the originator that the data message is not from the originator and that there is reasonable time to act accordingly. 2. Where the addressee knows or should have known, had it exercised the reasonable diligence or any agreed procedure that the data message was not from the originator. Article 7 In the framework of the relation with the originator, an addressee may rely on the data message issued by the originator and to act accordingly. The addressee may not rely on the aforesaid data message when the addressee knows or should have known, had the addressee exercised reasonable diligence or used any agreed procedure, that data message as received was a result of an error from the process of telecommunication. Article 8 The addressee is entitled to treat each data message received as a separate data message, and to act accordingly, except to the extent that it duplicates another data message and the addressee knows or should have known, had it exercised reasonable diligence or used any agreed procedure, that the data