304 No. 6 of 2016] Layout-designs of Integrated Circuits (b) to assist in the exercise of powers and the implementation of civil defence measures during a state of emergency; “qualified owner” means a person who is the owner of a layout-design or topography of integrated circuits, in accordance with section fifteen, or who is the owner of a layout-design which was not commercially exploited anywhere else in the world before it was commercially exploited in Zambia or in a qualifying country, and includes a person, whether or not that person is a qualified person, who is a successor in title to a qualified owner; “qualified person” means— (a) a natural person— (i) who is a citizen of or is domiciled or ordinarily resident in Zambia or a qualifying country; or (ii) who has a real and effective industrial or commercial establishment for the creation of layout-designs or for the production of topographies of integrated circuits in Zambia in a qualifying country; or (b) a person, other than a natural person— (i) whose place of incorporation or place of business is in Zambia or qualifying country; or (ii) which has a real and effective industrial or commercial establishment for the creation of layout-designs or for the production of topographies of integrated circuits in Zambia or qualifying country; and includes the Government and the government of a qualifying country; “qualifying country” means— (a) a country or territory, other than Zambia, which is a member of the World Trade Organisation; or (b) a country or territory designated by the Minister as a qualifying country in accordance with section four;