thereto on the perpetrator thereof; after a decisive ruling has been issued,
if a law was issued which renders the deed, for which the ruling was
issued on the perpetrator of such deed, not punishable, the execution of
the ruling shall be suspended and its penal effects shall be terminated.
Notwithstanding the latter, if a law was issued that incriminates a deed or
a decline [sic in original], or which a more severe punishment than
previously set thereof, is provided for accordingly , within a specific
period thereafter, the end of such period shall not prevent the application
thereof to any deed perpetrated during such a period.
Response and Compensation
Article (5): The provision of punishments stipulated hereunder does not infringe upon
the rights of the plaintiffs for retribution [qisas] or compensation.
The Application of Provisions of this Law relates to Special Crimes
Article (6): The crimes that are stipulated in other laws shall be subject to the provisions
of Book I of this Law, unless otherwise stipulated contrary to this.
Chapter Two
Crimes
Section One
The Elements of a Crime
Causal Linkage
Article (7): A person shall not be liable for a crime, which the Law requires for its
consummation a specific result thereof, unless the conduct of such a
person in deed or omission was the cause leading to the occurrence of
such result; Causal Linkage is shall stand, whenever in the normal course
of events in life, the conduct of the perpetrator was the cause of the
result; what ever he caused which leads to a loss, provided that such
linkage is rejected if another factor is involved, which in itself is
adequate to lead to the same result, wherein such case the liability of the
person for his conduct, if the Law incriminates such a person for
anything separate from such result.
Liability
Article (8): A person shall only be liable for a crime unless this person carried out such
a crime intentionally or by negligence.
Intent
Article (9): Intent is there if the perpetrator of a crime carries out such a deed willfully,
knowingly and with the intent of realizing the result that is punishable;