TELECOMMUNICATIONS WHOLESALE NATIONAL ROAMING DIRECTIVE WHEREAS it is found important to provide a framework to govern Wholesale National Roaming Service agreements between Telecommunications Operators; UNDERSTANDING the relevancy to provide clarity on the rules and procedures the Authority shall follow to regulate Wholesale National Roaming agreements,; RECOGNIZING the importance of providing a more level playing field for New Licensees to reach customers beyond their cellular mobile network coverage, during their initial network roll out period; and, CONVINCED of the need to lower the barriers to entry and expansion to enhance competition amongst Telecommunications Operators. NOW, THEREFORE, the Authority hereby issues this Telecommunications Wholesale National Roaming Directive in accordance with Articles 6(2), 44(7), and 54(2) of the Ethiopian Communications Service Proclmation No.1148/2019. PART I GENERAL 1. Short Title This Directive shall be referred to as the “Telecommunications Wholesale National Roaming Directive No. 800/2021.” 2. Definitions In this Directive, unless the context otherwise requires: 1) “Authority” means the Ethiopian Communications Authority established under Communications Service Proclamation No. 1148/2019. 2) “Downstream Operations” means the business operations of a Vertically Integrated Operator that concerns with the supply of Retail Services, as if the supply of Retail Services were carried out by a legally separated entity. 3) “Infrastructure Sharing” means various kinds of arrangements to share a Telecommunications Operator’s active and passive infrastructure, including, but not limited to, the sharing of network elements, antennas, switches, radio access nodes, systems, equipment, facilities, premises or rights of way, with another operator, subject to an agreement between the parties. 4) “Margin Squeeze” means the occurrence when a Telecommunications Operator with significant market power in a relevant retail market who also supplies an essential Wholesale Service to a competitor in a retail market, sets its retail tariff and, or wholesale tariff, such that, the difference between the retail tariff and the wholesale tariff of the corresponding Wholesale Service, would not allow an efficient retail competitor to sustain a competing service. 5) “Mobile Communications Services” means communications services provided to end users by licensed Telecommunications Operators for making and receiving voice calls, sending and receiving SMS messages, sending and receiving data, or access to other electronic Communications services. 1