offending material, then the removal takes effect globally.
17.
Mr. Sanjeev Sindhwani, ld. Senior Counsel appearing for Twitter
submits that the grant of a global injunction can have a regressive effect
even on India. He relies upon Section 13 CPC to submit that India also
prescribes various conditions to recognize judgments of foreign Courts. He
further relies upon the Sections 3 and 4 of the IPC to argue that if there are
extra territorial offences, an order of an Indian Court would not be
enforceable abroad. The principles of comity of courts and comity of nations
requires Courts to respect the territoriality of their jurisdiction. The
contraventions under the Act cannot be dealt with by a Civil Court as they
are criminal offences. The High Court of Justice in Northern Ireland, in
George Galloway v. William Frederick Frazer & Ors. [2016] NIQB 7 has
held that no global injunction can be granted. The Defendants have already
complied with the orders on a pan-India basis and geo-blocking has been
done. The Plaintiffs have not complained of any violations of the order that
has already been passed, and under the provisions of Order VI Rule 4 CPC,
pleadings are required to be specific and in the absence thereof, no
injunction can be granted. The mere apprehension of use of VPN and proxy
servers to access global websites cannot be sufficient to presume that the
data is likely to be transmitted and accessed in India. In Suresh Jindal v.
Rizosli Corriere Della Sera Prodzioni T.V. S.p.a. and Ors [1991] Suppl. (2)
SCC 3, the Supreme Court, being conscious of the limitations, granted an
injunction against dissemination only in India. In view of the fact that the
global standard to protect free speech could be very low in various
jurisdictions, Indian Courts, which have a higher standard for free speech,
should not impose the said standards internationally. In Shreya Singhal
CS (OS) 27/2019
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