Article 129
The supremacy of the Law is the founda on of governance in the State. The honour of the judiciary, its integrity
and the impar ality of judges safeguard the rights and liber es of the people.
Article 130
The judiciary shall be independent and it shall be vested in courts of different jurisdic ons. The courts shall pass
their judgments according to the Law.
Article 131
The independence of the Judiciary shall be safeguarded and no interference whatsoever shall be permi ed with
court proceedings and the course of jus ce.
Article 132
The Law shall regulate the levels and divisions of courts and define their jurisdic on and powers. The jurisdic on of
military tribunals is restricted, except when mar al law is in force, to military crimes commi ed by staff of the
armed and the security forces within the limita ons specified by the Law.
Article 133
Court sessions shall be public except when a court decides, in the interests of public order or morality, to hold
them in camera. In all cases, judgments shall be pronounced in an open session.