2024/9/2 凌晨12:25 Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China imprisonment of not more than 3 years, short-term custody, or non-custodial correction. Article 283 Whoever unlawfully produces or sells specialized espionage equipment or devices, or specialized equipment or devices for eavesdropping or covert photography shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than 3 years, short-term custody, or non-custodial correction, and concurrently, a fine, or shall be sentenced to a fine only. If the circumstances are serious, the offender shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 7 years, and concurrently, a fine. An entity committing a crime as prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be fined, and the directly responsible persons in charge and other directly responsible persons shall be punished in accordance with the provisions in the preceding paragraph. Article 284 Whoever unlawfully uses specialized equipment or devices for eavesdropping or covert photography, thereby causing serious consequences, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than 2 years, short-term custody, or non-custodial correction. Article 284a Whoever organizes cheating in a national examination provided by law shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than 3 years or short-term custody, and concurrently, a fine, or shall be sentenced to a fine only. If the circumstances are serious, the offender shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 7 years, and concurrently, a fine. Whoever provides cheating equipment or other assistance for another person to commit a crime as prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be punished in accordance with the provisions in the preceding paragraph. Whoever unlawfully sells or provides the examination questions or answers for another person for cheating in an examination mentioned in the first paragraph, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions in the first paragraph. Whoever takes an examination mentioned in the first paragraph in someone else’s place or asks others to take such an examination for him shall be sentenced to short-term custody or noncustodial correction, and concurrently, a fine, or shall be sentenced to a fine only. Article 285 Whoever, in violation of the state regulations, hacks into a computer information system involving state affairs, national defense, or cutting-edge science and technology shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than 3 years or short-term custody. Whoever, in violation of the state regulations, hacks into any computer information system other than those prescribed in the preceding paragraph, or employs any other technical means to obtain the data stored or processed in, or transmitted via such a computer information system, or implements unlawful control of such a computer information system, if the circumstances are serious, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than 3 years or short-term custody, and concurrently, a fine, or shall be sentenced to a fine only. If the circumstances are especially serious, the offender shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 7 years, and concurrently, a fine. en.npc.gov.cn.cdurl.cn/2020-12/26/c_921604_13.htm 7/40