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3°. approve the appointment of other public officials as determined by an
Organic Law where necessary.
Article 89
The Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies shall, without undue delay, transmit to the
President of the Senate bills adopted by the Chamber of Deputies relating to matters
provided for in Article 88 of this Constitution.
Similarly, the Government shall submit to the Senate draft Orders relating to the
appointment of the public officers referred to in Article 88 of this Constitution for
approval prior to signature.
Section 2: Initiation and adoption of Laws
• Initiation of general legislation
Article 90
The right to initiate and amend legislation shall be concurrently vested in each
Deputy and the Executive acting through the Cabinet.
• Budget bills
Article 91
Bills and statutory amendments which have the potential to reduce Government
revenue or increase State expenditure must indicate proposals for raising the
required revenue or making savings equivalent to the anticipated expenditure.
• Legislative committees
Article 92: Examination of draft laws by Committees
Draft Laws determined by the plenary session to have a sound basis shall first be
transmitted to the relevant parliamentary committee of the Chamber of Parliament
for examination prior to their consideration and adoption in the plenary session.
During the consideration of the basis of a draft Law, each Chamber of Parliament
may decide if the draft Law may be adopted in plenary session without necessarily
being sent beforehand to the relevant Committee.
Article 93: Mode of adoption of Laws and their hierarchy
• Secrecy of legislative votes
A vote on the entire bill shall be conducted by calling each parliamentarian by name
and the parliamentarian shall vote by responding in an audible voice.
Each Law shall be considered and adopted in Kinyarwanda or in the language of
preparation in respect of any of the official languages. In case of conflict between the
three official languages, the prevailing language shall be the language in which the
law was adopted.
Ordinary Laws shall be passed by an absolute majority of members of each Chamber
present.
• Supermajority required for legislation
• Organic laws
Organic Laws shall be passed by a majority vote of three fifths (3/5) of the members
of the Chamber present.
• Supermajority required for legislation
• Organic laws
The procedure for voting shall be determined by the Organic Law establishing the
internal rules of each Chamber.
The Law is sovereign in all matters.
Rwanda 2003 (rev. 2010)
Page 27
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