Translated by IRIS Georgia Updated as of March 2004 2. The failure of an administrative agency to issue an administrative act within a fixed term shall be considered as a refusal to issue the act and will constitute the ground for filing a complaint pursuant to this Chapter. 3. The action of an administrative agency, which is not related to the issuance of an administrative decree, shall be appealed under this chapter. 4. No decision of an administrative agency relating to administrative proceeding may be appealed separately, except as expressly prescribed by law or when the decision contravenes the rights or lawful interests of a person independently of the respective administrative decree. Article 178. The administrative agency competent to review an administrative complaint 1. Unless otherwise prescribed by law or applicable regulation, an administrative complaint shall be reviewed and resolved by the administrative agency that issued the administrative decree, if there is a higher official who directs the official or subdivision that issued the administrative decree. 2. A complaint filed with regard to an administrative decree issued by the chief official of an administrative agency shall be reviewed and decision thereon shall be made by a higher administrative agency. 3. A person may directly appeal to the court to protect his right and liberties without first filing an administrative complaint with an administrative agency. Article 179. Administrative complaint 1. An administrative proceeding shall commence pursuant to the procedures prescribed by this Chapter only after an administrative complaint is filed. 2. An administrative complaint shall be in writing and shall comply with the requirements prescribed by this Code. Article 180. The term for filing an administrative complaint 1. Unless otherwise prescribed by law, an administrative complaint shall be filed within one month after the promulgation or official notification of an administrative act. 2. A complaint against the action of an administrative agency may be filed within one month after the interested party became aware of such action or of desisting from such action. 3. An administrative agency may not define the term for filing a complaint if it fails to issue an administrative decree with the fixed term. 4. In case of failure to file an administrative complaint within the fixed term, the term shall be extended if the failure occurred due to force-major or other reasonable excuse. Article 181. The content of an administrative complaint 1. An administrative complaint shall include the following information: Page 43 of 54