60 communication for the general public—and the dissimilarity of mobile broadband to closed private networks such as those used by taxi companies or local police and fire departments— the Commission in 2015 sought to reclassify “today’s broadly available mobile broadband” service as a commercial mobile service like mobile voice, rather than as a private mobile service like those employed by closed police or fire department networks. 2015 Open Internet Order, 30 FCC Rcd. at 5786 ¶ 399; see 1994 Order, 9 FCC Rcd. at 1414 ¶ 4. Aligning mobile broadband with mobile voice based on their affording similarly ubiquitous access, moreover, was in keeping with Congress’s objective in establishing a defined category of “commercial mobile services” subject to common carrier treatment: to “creat[e] regulatory symmetry among similar mobile services.” 1994 Order, 9 FCC Rcd. at 1413 ¶ 2; see 2015 Open Internet Order, 30 FCC Rcd. at 5786 ¶ 399; H.R. Rep. No. 103-111 at 259 (May 25, 1993) (noting that amendments to section 332 were intended to ensure “that services that provide equivalent mobile services are regulated in the same manner”). In the interest of achieving that regulatory symmetry and bringing mobile broadband into alignment with mobile voice as a commercial mobile service, the Commission updated its definition of the “public switched network” to include both users reachable by ten-digit phone numbers and users reachable by IP addresses. See 2015 Open Internet Order, 30 FCC Rcd. at 5779 ¶ 391. The newly expanded definition of “public switched network” thus covers “the network that includes any common carrier switched network . . . that use[s] the North American Numbering Plan, or public IP addresses, in connection with the provision of switched services.” Id. (emphasis added) (alteration in original); 47 C.F.R. § 20.3; see Bell Atlantic Telephone Cos. v. FCC, 206 F.3d 1, 4 (D.C. Cir. 2000) (“[T]he internet is a ‘distributed packet-switched

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