Cite as: 603 U. S. ____ (2024) 25 ALITO, J., concurring in judgment through private inboxes; post written messages, photos, and videos; and comment on, repost, or otherwise interact with other users’ posts. And NetChoice acknowledges in fairly general terms that its members engage in most— though not all—of these functions. But such generalities are insufficient. For one thing, the ways in which users post, send direct messages, or interact with content may differ in meaningful ways from platform to platform. And NetChoice’s failure to account for these differences may be decisive. To see how, consider X and Yelp. Both platforms allow users to post comments and photos, but they differ in other respects.31 X permits users to post (or “Tweet”) on a broad range of topics because its “purpose is to serve the public conversation,”32 and as a result, many elected officials use X to communicate with constituents. Yelp, by contrast, allows users to post comments and pictures only for the purpose of advertising local businesses or providing “firsthand accounts” that reflect their “consumer experience” with businesses.33 It does not permit “rants about political ideologies, a business’s employment practices, extraordinary circumstances, or other matters that don’t address the core of the consumer experience.”34 As this example shows, X’s content is more political than Yelp’s, and Yelp’s content is more commercial than X’s. That difference may be significant for First Amendment purposes. See Pittsburgh Press, 413 U. S. 376. But NetChoice has not developed the record on that front. Nor —————— 31 Yelp and X are both covered by S. B. 7072 and H. B. 20. See Brief for Yelp Inc. as Amicus Curiae 4, n. 4. 32 The X Rules, X, https://help.x.com/en/rules-and-policies/x-rules (last accessed Apr. 23, 2024). 33 Content Guidelines, Yelp, https://www.yelp.com/guidelines (last accessed Apr. 23, 2024). 34 Ibid.

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