namely, to the whole people. The ownership rights over the State-owned property shall be exercised by the State Council on behalf of the State, unless otherwise provided by law. Ar cle 247 Mineral deposits, waters, and sea areas are owned by the State. Ar cle 248 Uninhabited islands are owned by the State, and the State Council exercises the ownership rights over the uninhabited islands on behalf of the State. Ar cle 249 Urban land is owned by the State. Land in rural and urban suburbs that is provided by law to be owned by the State is owned by the State. Ar cle 250 Natural resources, such as forests, mountain ridges, grasslands, unreclaimed lands, and mud ats, other than those provided by law to be collec vely-owned, are owned by the State． Ar cle 251 The wild animal and plant resources that are provided by law to be owned by the State are owned by the State. Ar cle 252 Radio-frequency spectrum resources are owned by the State. Ar cle 253 The cultural relics that are provided by law to be owned by the State are owned by the State. Ar cle 254 The assets for na onal defense are owned by the State. Infrastructures such as railways, roads, electric power facili es, telecommunica on facili es, as well as oil and gas pipelines that are provided by law to be owned by the State are owned by the State. Ar cle 255 A State organ has the right to possess and use the immovable and movable property directly under its control and to dispose of such property in accordance with law and the relevant regula ons made by the State Council. Ar cle 256 A public ins tu on established by the State has the right to possess and use the immovable and movable property directly under its control, and to bene t from and dispose of such property in accordance with law and the relevant regula ons made by the State Council. Ar cle 257 With respect to enterprises invested by the State, the State Council and the local people’s governments shall, on behalf of the State, perform the investor’s du es and enjoy the investor’s rights and interests respec vely in accordance with laws and administra ve regula ons. Ar cle 258 The State-owned property is protected by law, and no organiza on or individual may misappropriate, loot, secretly distribute, intercept, or destroy such property. Ar cle 259 Ins tu ons and their sta with the du es of administra on and supervision over the Stateowned property shall strengthen the administra on and supervision of the State-owned property in accordance with law, strive to preserve and increase the value of such property and prevent any loss thereof; they shall assume legal liabili es in accordance with law if losses are caused to the State-owned property as a result of their abuse of powers or derelic on of du es. A person, who causes losses to the State-owned property by transferring it at low prices, secretly distribu ng it in conspiracy with other persons, crea ng a security interest on it without authoriza on, or by other means in the course of enterprise restructuring, merger or division, a liated transac ons, and the like, in viola on of the provisions on the administra on of the State-owned property, shall bear legal liability in accordance with law. Ar cle 260 The collec vely-owned immovable and movable property include: ti fl ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ffi ti ti ti ti fi ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ff ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti 29