space on the page for which Google has agreed to sell display advertisements.”56 If users’ browsers directly communicate with the defendants about the webpages they are visiting—as the complaint pleads with particularity—then there is no need for the defendants to acquire that information from transmissions to which they are not a party. After all, the defendants would have the information at issue anyway. Underscoring that there are direct transmissions between the plaintiffs and the defendants, the complaint notes that the defendants place cookies on web browsers “in the process of injecting the advertisements,”57 which are “serve[d] . . . directly from the third-party company’s servers rather than going through the individual website’s server.”58 The complaint’s descriptions of how tracking is accomplished, meanwhile, further supports that the information was captured from the plaintiffs’ GET requests to the defendants. According to the complaint: The information is sent to the companies and associated with unique cookies -- that is how the tracking takes place. The cookie lets the tracker associate the web activity with a unique person using a unique browser on a device. Once the third-party cookie is placed in the 56 Compl. ¶ 86. 57 Compl. ¶ 45. 58 Compl. ¶ 41. 30