Official Secrets 19 (2) Notwithstanding that the consent of the Public Prosecutor has not been obtained, a person charged with such an offence may be arrested, or a warrant for his arrest may be issued and executed. Such person may be remanded in custody or on bail, but the case shall not be further prosecuted until the consent has been obtained. (3) When a person is brought before a court before the Public Prosecutor has consented to the prosecution, the charge shall be explained to him but he shall not be called upon to plead, and the law for the time being in force relating to criminal procedure shall be modified accordingly. Burden of proof and presumptions 16. In any prosecution for an offence under this Act, unless the context otherwise requires— (1) it shall not be necessary to show that the accused person was guilty of a particular act tending to show a purpose prejudicial to the safety or interests of Malaysia; (2) notwithstanding that no act as stated in subsection (1) is proved against him, the accused person may be convicted if, from the circumstances of the case, his conduct or his known character as proved it appears that his purpose was a purpose prejudicial to the safety or interests of Malaysia; and (3) if any documents, articles or information relating to or used in any prohibited place or anything in such a place, or any secret official code word, countersign or password, is made, obtained, collected, recorded, published or communicated by any person other than a person acting under lawful authority, it shall be presumed until the contrary is proved, to have been made, obtained, collected, recorded, published or communicated for a purpose prejudicial to the safety or interests of Malaysia. Certificate by a public officer to be conclusive evidence 16A. A certificate by a Minister or a public officer charged with any responsibility in respect of any Ministry, department or any public service or the Menteri Besar or the Chief Minister of a State or by the principal officer in charge of the administrative affairs