Article 159 [Establishment of Armed Forces] The State alone may establish armed forces and public security bodies and that in accordance with law. Article 160 [Mobilization] Mobilization, general or partial, are regulated by law. Article 161 [Supreme Defense Council] A Supreme Defense Council is set up to conduct affairs relating to defense, to the safeguard of the integrity of the Country, and to the supervision of the armed forces, in accordance with law. Chapter V: The Judicial Power Article 162 [Impartiality of Judges] The honor of the Judiciary and the integrity and impartiality of judges are the bases of rule and a guarantee of rights and liberties. Article 163 [Independence of Judiciary] In administering justice, judges are not subject to any authority. No interference whatsoever is allowed with the conduct of justice. Law guarantees the independence of the Judiciary and states the guarantees and provisions relating to judges and the conditions of their irrevocability. Article 164 [Court System, Military Courts] Law regulates the Courts of various kinds and degrees and specifies their functions and jurisdiction. Except when Martial Law is in force, Military Courts have jurisdiction only over military offences committed by members of the armed and security forces within the limits specified by law. Article 165 [Publicity of Trials] Sittings of the Courts are to be public, except for the cases prescribed otherwise by law. Article 166 [Recourse to the Courts] The right of recourse to the Courts is guaranteed to all people. Law prescribes the procedure and manner necessary for the exercise of this right. 25

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