INDEX.HU ZRT v. HUNGARY JUDGMENT
court found that the impugned statements had not concerned a matter of
public interest and were not related to the media campaign, since J.A. had not
been part of either the demonstrations or the governmental measures
preceding them. Thus, it was not necessary to balance the applicant
company’s right to freedom of expression against J.A.’s right to protection of
his right to reputation. The statement had been injurious to J.A. and the
applicant company had failed to check whether it was true. The Court of
Appeal ordered it to pay 600,000 Hungarian forints (HUF – approximately
1,500 euros (EUR)) to J.A.
13. The applicant company submitted a petition for review to the Kúria.
By a decision of 7 September 2016, the Kúria dismissed the applicant
company’s petition and endorsed the conclusion of the second-instance court
that the publication in question had not concerned a debate of public interest
since it had not concerned the exercise of public power by J.A., but rather the
dissemination of untrue statements which were not protected by the
constitutional right to freedom of expression. Applying the rule of objective
liability, the Kúria held that the applicant company had been responsible for
transmitting the injurious Facebook post to the broader public and that the
question whether it had acted in good or bad faith was only relevant for the
calculation of damages. It nonetheless reduced the amount of damages
payable to J.A. to HUF 50,000 (approximately EUR 120), finding it relevant
that the applicant company had expressed its doubts as to the veracity of the
statements, presented their context and subsequently published J.A.’s
response to the article. Furthermore, its readership had been perfectly capable
of assessing such “soldiers’ tales” for what they were, without attaching any
importance to them. In the view of the Kúria no serious harm had been caused
to J.A. and the public perception of him had not changed as a consequence of
the publication.
14. The applicant company lodged a constitutional complaint, arguing
that the publication had concerned a matter of public interest, namely the
conduct of the President of Hungary during his compulsory military service.
The Constitutional Court declared the complaint inadmissible on
23 May 2017, finding that the applicant company had merely challenged the
courts’ assessment of facts, which was not subject to review by the
Constitutional Court.
RELEVANT LEGAL FRAMEWORK
15. The relevant provisions of Act no. V. of 2013 on the Civil Code
provide as follows:
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