State, relate to the right of sovereignty or to the public or private rights of the ci zen, or involve an amendment to
the laws of the State, shall come into force when the same are issued as a law.
All treaty terms shall be expressed on their face and no terms shall be implied.
Article 69
The Emir may issue a decree declaring mar al law in the country in excep onal cases specified by the Law, and in
such cases the Emir may take all urgent requisite measures to counter any threat that undermines the safety of the
State, the integrity of its territories or the security of its people and interests, or that prevents the organs of the
State from performing their du es. However, the decree must specify the nature of such excep onal cases where
mar al law can be declared and specify measures which should be taken to return to the Rule of Law. The Shura
Council shall be no fied of this decree within the fi een days following its issue, and in the event that the Council is
not in session for any reason whatsoever, the Council shall be no fied of the decree at its first mee ng. Mar al law
shall be declared for a limited period and the same shall not be extended unless approved by the Shura Council.
Article 70
In cases of extreme urgency, or force majeure that require measures of utmost urgency by issuing special decree‐
laws, and in such cases when the Shura Council is not in session, the Emir may issue per nent decrees that have the
power of law. Such decree‐laws shall be submi ed to the Shura Council at its first mee ng, and the Council may,
within a maximum of forty days from the date of submission and with a two‐thirds majority of its members, reject
any of these decree‐laws, or request amendment thereof to be effected within a specified period of me. Such
decree‐laws shall cease to have the power of law from the date of their rejec on by the Council or when the period
for effec ng the amendments has expired.
Article 71
Defensive war shall be declared by an Emiri Decree and aggressive war is prohibited.