Page 7 Chapter Four Lawful Use Article 15: Exceptions The following uses of the copyrighted work, in its original language or in translation, are lawful without obtaining the permission of the copyright owner. These forms of use are: (1) Copying the work for personal use, excluding computer software, audio and audio-visual works. (2) Quoting passages from the work in another work, provided that such quotation be consistent with the conventional practice and within the limits justified by the intended objective, and provided that the source and name of author shall be mentioned in the work where the quotation is cited. This shall also apply to journalistic summaries abstracted from newspapers and periodicals. (3) Using the work by way of clarification for educational purposes, within the limits justified by the intended objective, or making a copy or two for public libraries or non-commercial documentation centres on the following conditions: ( ) Shall not be commercial or for profit. ( ) Copying shall be restricted to the requirements of activities. ( ) Shall not impair the material benefit of the work. ( ) The work is out of print or is lost or damaged. (4) Citing or copying articles published in newspapers or periodicals dealing with current subjects or broadcast works of similar nature, provided that the source and name of the author, if known, are clearly given. (5) Copying any broadcast work that may be viewed or listened to during presentation of current events by means of still or motion pictures, provided that copying remains within the intended objective with the source clearly given. (6) Copying public speeches, lectures, judicial proceedings or any other similar works made in public, if such copying is made by the media, provided that the name of the author is clearly mentioned. The author shall retain the right to publish such works in the manner he sees fit. (7) Production of temporary recordings by broadcasting organizations and through their own means –without impairing the author’s copyright – in one copy or more for any protected work, for which they are licensed to broadcast and show, provided that all the copies be destroyed within a period not exceeding one year from the date of their preparation, or a longer period agreed to by the author. A copy of this recording may be kept with official archives, if the recording is a unique documentary work. (8) Music playing, acting, performing or showing any work, after publication, by government troupes or public corporate entities or school theatre, as long as such playing, performance or acting does not lead to direct or indirect financial gains. (9) Copying short quotations from published works, drawings, pictures, designs or maps in school books prepared for educational curricula or in books of history, literature and art, provided that copying is within the limits of necessity and that the title of the work and the name of the author are mentioned.