SMC No. 1/2014 etc 2 TASSADUQ HUSSAIN JILLANI, CJ.“All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over black nor a black has any superiority over white except by piety (taqwa) and good action.1” These suo moto proceedings under Article 184(3) of the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan were initiated on a letter received from the Justice Helpline, an NGO, regarding an attack on a Church in Peshawar in which 81 persons died (subject matter of FIR No. 728 dated 22.9.2013 under Sections 302/324/427 PPC, 3/4 of the Explosive Substances Act and Section 7 of the Anti Terrorism Act at Police Station Khan Raziq Shaheed (Kabuli), Peshawar). Complaints were also received from adherents of Hindu faith and it was prayed that the Court should direct the authorities to take remedial measures so that their places of worship are protected. On 20.2.2014 there was a news item and article published in Daily Dawn wherein it was averred that the Kalash tribe and Ismailies in Chitral were being coerced to convert to a different sect within Islam or to face death. The Court considered all such incidents to be violative of the Fundamental Rights guaranteed to these citizens as also of the Principles of Policy enshrined in the Constitution. It considered it imperative to find out the causes which lead to such incidents with a view to lay down guidelines for effective enforcement of the Fundamental Rights guaranteed to the people. Notices were issued to the learned Attorney General for Pakistan and all the four Advocate Generals. The learned Attorney General for Pakistan pursuant to the direction of this Court placed on record the names of different 1 The Last Sermon (Khutbah) of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) (Farewell Sermon)