Ar cle 980 Where the management by a custodian of another person’s a airs does not fall within the
circumstances provided in the preceding Ar cle, but the bene ciary has enjoyed the bene t of the
management, the bene ciary shall be subject to the obliga ons provided in the rst paragraph of the
preceding Ar cle to the custodian to the extent of the bene t he gains therefrom.
Ar cle 981 A custodian shall manage another person’s a airs in the best interest of the bene ciary. Where
suspension of management is to put the bene ciary at a disadvantage posi on, the management may not be
suspended without just cause.
Ar cle 982 Where a custodian manages another person’s a airs, he shall promptly no fy the bene ciary if
he is able to do so. Where the ma er does not need urgent management, the custodian shall wait for the
bene ciary’s instruc on.
Ar cle 983 Upon termina on of the management, a custodian shall report the management of the a airs to
the bene ciary. The property obtained by the custodian in the management of the a airs shall be
surrendered to the bene ciary in a mely manner.
Ar cle 984 Where the management of another person’s a airs by a custodian is subsequently ra ed by the
bene ciary, the provisions on entrustment contracts shall be applied to the management from the
commencement of the management, unless the custodian expresses his inten on otherwise.
Chapter XXIX Unjust Enrichment
Ar cle 985 Where a person is unjustly enriched without a legal basis, the person who thus su ers a loss is
en tled to request the enriched person to return the bene t, unless under any of the following
circumstances:
(1) the payment is made for performing a moral obliga on;
(2) the payment is made to sa sfy an obliga on not yet due; or
(3) the payment is made to an obliga on knowing that there is no obliga on to pay.
Ar cle 986 Where a person enriched does not know or should not have known that the enrichment is
without a legal basis, and if the enrichment no longer exists, the person has no obliga on to return the
bene t thus received.
Ar cle 987 Where a person enriched knows or should have known that the enrichment is without a legal
basis, the aggrieved person may request the enriched person to return the bene t thus received and make
compensa on for the losses in accordance with law.
Ar cle 988 Where a person enriched has gratuitously transferred the bene t received to a third person, the
aggrieved person may request the third person to assume the obliga on to return the bene t to the
corresponding extent.
Book Four Personality Rights
Chapter I General Rules
Ar cle 989 This Book regulates the civil-law rela ons arising from the enjoyment and protec on of
personality rights.
Ar cle 990 Personality rights are the rights enjoyed by persons of the civil law, such as the right to life, the
right to corporeal integrity, the right to health, the right to name, the right to trade name, the right to
likeness, the right to reputa on, the right to honor, the right to privacy, and the like.
In addi on to the personality rights provided in the preceding paragraph, a natural person enjoys other
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