provisions shall be followed. Ar cle 12 The laws of the People’s Republic of China shall apply to the civil ac vi es taking place within the territory of the People’s Republic of China, except as otherwise provided by law. Chapter II Natural Persons Sec on 1 Capacity for Enjoying Civil-law Rights and Capacity for Performing Civil Juris c Acts Ar cle 13 A natural person shall, from the me of birth un l the me of death, have the capacity for enjoying civil-law rights, and may enjoy civil-law rights and assume civil-law du es in accordance with law. Ar cle 14 All natural persons are equal in their capacity for enjoying civil-law rights. Ar cle 15 The me of birth and me of death of a natural person are determined by the me recorded on his birth or death cer cate as applied, or, if there is no birth or death cer cate, by the me recorded in the natural person’s household registra on or other valid iden ty cer cate. If there is su cient evidence overturning the me recorded in the aforemen oned documents, the me that is established by such evidence shall prevail. Ar cle 16 A fetus is deemed as having the capacity for enjoying civil-law rights in estate succession, acceptance of gi , and other situa ons where protec on of a fetus’ interests is involved. However, a s llborn fetus does not have such capacity ab ini o. Ar cle 17 A natural person aged 18 or above is an adult. A natural person under the age of 18 is a minor. Ar cle 18 An adult has full capacity for performing civil juris c acts and may independently perform civil juris c acts. A minor aged 16 or above whose main source of support is the income from his own labor is deemed as a person with full capacity for performing civil juris c acts. Ar cle 19 A minor aged 8 or above has limited capacity for performing civil juris c acts, and may perform a civil juris c act through or upon consent or ra ca on of his legal representa ve, provided that such a minor may independently perform a civil juris c act that is purely bene cial to him or that is appropriate to his age and intelligence. Ar cle 20 A minor under the age of 8 has no capacity for performing civil juris c acts, and may perform a civil juris c act only through his legal representa ve. Ar cle 21 An adult unable to comprehend his own conduct has no capacity for performing civil juris c acts, and may perform a civil juris c act only through his legal representa ve. The preceding paragraph is applicable to a minor aged 8 or above who is unable to comprehend his own conduct. Ar cle 22 An adult unable to fully comprehend his own conduct has limited capacity for performing civil juris c acts, and may perform a civil juris c act through or upon consent or ra ca on of his legal representa ve, provided that such an adult may independently perform a civil juris c act that is purely bene cial to him or that is appropriate to his intelligence and mental status. Ar cle 23 The guardian of a person who has no or limited capacity for performing civil juris c acts is the legal representa ve of the person. Ar cle 24 Where an adult is unable to comprehend or fully comprehend his conduct, any interested person ti ti ti ti ffi ti ti ti ti ti ti fi ti ti ti ti fi ti ti ti ti fi ti ti fi ti ti ti ti ti ti ti fi ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti fi ti ti ft ti ti ti ti fi ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti 5