44 CENTRUM FÖR RÄTTVISA v. SWEDEN JUDGMENT considered. Furthermore, the legislation only in very broad terms mentions that the data may be communicated to “other states or international organisations”; there is no provision requiring the recipient to protect the data with the same or similar safeguards as those applicable under Swedish law. Also the situation where data may be communicated – when necessary for “international defence and security cooperation” – opens up for a rather wide scope of discretion. In the Court’s view, the mentioned lack of specification in the provisions regulating the communication of personal data to other states and international organisations gives some cause for concern with respect to the possible abuse of the rights of individuals. On the whole, however, the Court considers that the supervisory elements described below sufficiently counterbalance these regulatory shortcomings. (vii) Supervision of the implementation of secret surveillance measures (α) The parties’ submissions 151. The applicant, pointing to the findings of the National Audit Office, submitted that the Foreign Intelligence Inspectorate’s own documentation of its supervisory work was scarce and that the Inspectorate lacked specified goals. 152. The Government submitted that an assessment of the report of the National Audit Office had been communicated to Parliament. The Office’s overall conclusion was that the Inspectorate had been given the necessary prerequisites to carry out its supervisory functions in an efficient and effective manner. The FRA had taken the Inspectorate’s views seriously and implemented measures accordingly. As to the Inspectorate’s goals, these were clearly specified in the legislation. (β) The Court’s assessment 153. The Court has found that, although it is in principle desirable to entrust supervisory control to a judge, supervision by a non-judicial body may be considered compatible with the Convention, provided that the supervisory body is independent of the authorities carrying out the surveillance, and is vested with sufficient powers and competence to exercise an effective and continuous control (see Roman Zakharov, cited above, § 275, with further reference). 154. As to the requirement of independence, the Court has taken into account the manner of appointment and the legal status of the members of the supervisory body. In particular, it has found sufficiently independent the bodies composed of members of Parliament of both the majority and the opposition, or of persons qualified to hold judicial office, appointed either by Parliament or by the Prime Minister (see Roman Zakharov, cited above, § 278, with further references).

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