CENTRUM FÖR RÄTTVISA v. SWEDEN JUDGMENT 45 155. As regards the supervisory body’s powers and competence, it is essential that it has access to all relevant documents, including closed materials, and that all those involved in interception activities have a duty to disclose to it any material required. Other important elements to take into account when assessing the effectiveness of the supervision are the supervisory body’s powers with respect to any breaches detected and the possible public scrutiny of its activities. Moreover, it is for the Government to illustrate the practical effectiveness of the supervision arrangements with appropriate examples (see Roman Zakharov, cited above, §§ 281-283, with further references). 156. The members of the Foreign Intelligence Inspectorate are appointed by the Government on terms of at least four years and the president and vice-president are current or former permanent judges. The other members are suggested by the parliamentarian party groups (see paragraph 37 above). The Court, therefore, finds no reason to question the independence of the Inspectorate. 157. The Inspectorate shall examine in particular the search terms used, the destruction of intelligence and how reports are communicated; the FRA shall report to it the search terms which directly relate to a specific natural person (see paragraph 36 above). The Inspectorate has access to all relevant documents (paragraph 39). It is within its powers to decide that the collection of intelligence shall cease or that information collected shall be destroyed, if during an inspection it becomes evident that the collection has not been in accordance with a particular permit; though, as of yet, no such measure has proved necessary (paragraphs 36 and 39). The Inspectorate is also in charge of the signal carriers, which includes ensuring that the FRA is only provided with access to signal carriers insofar as such access is covered by the permit (paragraph 24). The Inspectorate is to forward to the FRA, and if needed to the Government, any opinions or suggestions for measures to which the inspections give rise (paragraph 38). 158. The Court considers that the supervision of the Foreign Intelligence Inspectorate is of particular value in ensuring that the provisions applicable to the activities of the FRA are respected and that, generally, signals intelligence is performed in a manner which offers adequate safeguards against abuse. The above-mentioned rules governing the work of the Inspectorate indicate that it has been given sufficient powers to carry out this task. Moreover, contrary to the applicant’s claim, the Court understands the report of the National Audit Office as concluding that the Inspectorate has been able to carry out its supervisory task efficiently. The Office also found that the FRA has taken the Inspectorate’s views and suggestions seriously and have implemented measures based on them (see paragraph 40 above). The Court is therefore satisfied that the Inspectorate’s supervision is efficient, not only in theory but also in practice.

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