to the obligation to attribute such work to the source and the author, when known. Nevertheless, this exception shall not apply where authorization of the right of reproduction or communication to the public is explicitly reserved by the author. It is also permitted to reproduce any work that can be seen or heard through an informatory display of current events, photography or television or any other information mass media, provided it remains within the terms of this Law and provided it is attributed to the Author. Article 20 The reproduction of a single copy of a computer program or the adaptation of a computer program by the rightful owner of a copy of that computer program shall be allowed to the extent justified by the initial purpose, or for the purpose of preservation or replacement of an original copy or an adaptation thereof. This right shall expire in the event that the possession of the computer program ceases to be lawful. Article 21 1. 2. Reproduction of articles, short works or extracts of works is permitted for teaching purposes in educational institutions the activities of which do not serve direct or indirect commercial gain, to the extent justified by the purpose provided that: a The act of reproduction is an isolated event, the repeating of which takes place on separate and unrelated occasions; b There is no collective licence for reproduction available from a competent authority in the collective management of rights of which the educational institution is or should be aware; c The name of the author and the title of the work shall be attributed as far as practicable on all copies. Any library or archive the activities of which do not serve direct or indirect gain may make a single copy of the work by reprographic reproduction: a b Where the reproduced work is a published article, a summary or an extract of work and where reproduction is undertaken to satisfy the reasonable needs of the person making such reproduction, provided that: i the library or archive is satisfied that the copy will be used solely for the purposes of study, scholarship or research, and that any repetition of such reproduction takes place on separate and unrelated occasions; and ii there is no collective licence for reproduction available from a competent authority in the collective management of rights of which the library or archive is or should be aware. Reproduction is permitted where a copy is made with the aim of preserving the original copy or, when necessary, replacing a lost, destroyed or a copy rendered unusable in the permanent collection of another similar library or archive, provided that: i ii it is impossible to obtain such a copy by reasonable means; the act of reprographic reproduction is an isolated incident. Article 22 Broadcasting organizations may prepare, for the purposes of their broadcasts and by their own means, a provisional recording of a protected work they are authorized to broadcast to the public. Such a copy shall be destroyed within one year from the date of its preparation with the exception of recordings of documentary nature. Article 23 Any individual person may, without the express authorization of the Author, import a copy of a work for his or her own personal use. Article 24 The press or other information media may publish, without the express authorization of the Author, speeches and lectures, as well as legal proceedings or similar works displayed openly to the public, provided that attribution is made to the author. The Author shall have the exclusive right to publish such works in one or more publications or in any other medium he or she deems appropriate.