constituteproject.org PDF generated: 18 Apr 2016, 15:14   11. Determined to develop human resources, to fight ignorance, to promote technological advancement and the social welfare of the people of Rwanda;   12. Considering that after the Transition period, Rwanda shall be governed by a Constitution comprising ideas expressed by Rwandans themselves; • Source of constitutional authority Now hereby adopt, by referendum, this Constitution as the supreme Law of the Republic of Rwanda: TITLE I: THE STATE AND NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY CHAPTER I: GENERAL PROVISIONS • Type of government envisioned Article 1 The Rwandan State is an independent, sovereign, democratic, social and secular Republic; The principle governing the Republic is "government of the people, by the people and for the people". Article 2 All the power derives from the people. No group of Rwandan people or an individual can vest in themselves the exercise of power. • Referenda • Subsidiary unit government National sovereignty belongs to rwandans who shall exercise it directly by way of referendum or through their representatives. Article 3 The Territory of Rwanda is divided into administrative entities determined by an Organic Law which determines their number, their boundaries and their organisation A Law shall determine the organisation and the functioning of those entities. • National capital Article 4 The Capital of the Republic of Rwanda is the City of Kigali. A Law shall determine the organization and functioning of the City of Kigali. The Capital can, by Law, be transferred elsewhere within Rwanda. • Official or national languages Article 5 The national language is Kinyarwanda. The official languages are Kinyarwanda, French and English. Rwanda 2003 (rev. 2010) Page 7