Case on Real-Name Verification on the Internet During Periods of Election Campaigns [2018Hun-Ma456, 2020Hun-Ma406, 2018Hun-Ka16 (consolidated), January 28, 2021] In this case, the Court declared that the following provisions of the Public Official Election Acts violate both the right to anonymous free speech and informational self-determination of users on bulletin boards, etc. and the freedom of the press of internet news sites: the provision requiring internet news sites to take technical measures to verify that a person is using his/her real name if posting information concerning his/her support for or opposition to political parties or candidates on the bulletin board, etc. of an internet news site; the provision requiring the Minister of the Interior and Safety and a credit information business operator to manage the data on real-name verification results and, if requested by the National Election Commission, to immediately furnish it with the requested data; and, the provision imposing an administrative fine for failing to take technical measures for real-name verification or for failing to delete information which does not carry the real name verification mark. Background of the Case Petitioner of Case No. 2018Hun-Ka16, who is a legal person running an internet news site, was fined for failing to take technical measures to verify a user’s real name, as provided by the Minister of the Interior and Safety or a credit information business operator, where the user was allowed to post information concerning his/her support for or opposition to political parties or candidates on the bulletin board, etc. of its website during election campaigns. While the case was pending, Petitioner appealed the decision and filed a motion requesting constitutional review - 27 -