27
understandings.
Although the Order provides for the
possibility of waiver, it cautions, “An applicant seeking
waiver relief under this rule faces a high bar. We anticipate
granting such relief only in exceptional cases.” Order ¶ 132.
Second, in a case discussing the terms “unjust” and
“unreasonable” as used in § 201(b) and in its fraternal twin
§ 202(a), we said that those words “open[] a rather large area
for the free play of agency discretion.” Orloff v. FCC, 352
F.3d 415, 420 (D.C. Cir. 2003); see also Global Crossing
Telecomms., Inc. v. Metrophones Telecomms., Inc., 550 U.S.
45 (2007) (recognizing the Commission’s broad authority to
define “unreasonable practice[s]” under § 201(b)).
But
“large” is not infinite.
Third, in the order under review in Orloff the
Commission focused on § 202 but mentioned § 201. We
summarized it as holding that “if a practice is just and
reasonable under § 202, it must also be just and reasonable
under § 201.” Orloff, 352 F.3d at 418 (citing Orloff v.
Vodafone AirTouch Licenses LLC d/b/a Verizon Wireless, 17
F.C.C. Rcd. 8987, 8999 (2002) (“Defendants . . . offer[] the
same defenses to the section 201(b) claim as they do to the
section 202(a) claim. We reject Orloff’s section 201(b) claim.
As noted, section 201(b) declares unlawful only ‘unjust or
unreasonable’ common-carrier practices. For the reasons
discussed [regarding section 202(a)], we find Defendants’
concessions practices to be reasonable.”)).
Fourth, the Commission (at least for the moment) allows
ISPs to provide consumers differing levels of service at
differing prices. As it says in its brief, “The Order does not
regulate rates—for example, broadband providers can (and
some do) reasonably charge consumers more for faster service
or more data.” Commission Br. 133. The statement is true
(for now) vis-à-vis rates to consumers. But the ban on paid
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