FRESSOZ AND ROIRE v. FRANCE JUDGMENT 1 In the case of Fressoz and Roire v. France, The European Court of Human Rights, sitting, in accordance with Article 27 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”), as amended by Protocol No. 111, and the relevant provisions of the Rules of Court2, as a Grand Chamber composed of the following judges: Mr L. WILDHABER, President, Mrs E. PALM, Mr L. CAFLISCH, Mr J. MAKARCZYK, Mr J.-P. COSTA, Mrs V. STRÁŽNICKÁ, Mr W. FUHRMANN, Mr K. JUNGWIERT, Mr M. FISCHBACH, Mrs N. VAJIĆ, Mrs W. THOMASSEN, Mrs M. TSATSA-NIKOLOVSKA, Mr T. PANŢÎRU, Mr R. MARUSTE, Mr E. LEVITS, Mr K. TRAJA, Mrs S. BOTOUCHAROVA, and also of Mr P.J. MAHONEY and Mrs M. DE BOER-BUQUICCHIO, Deputy Registrars, Having deliberated in private on 12 November 1998 and 13 January 1999, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on the lastmentioned date: PROCEDURE 1. The case was referred to the Court, as established under former Article 19 of the Convention3, by the European Commission of Human Rights (“the Commission”) and by the French Government (“the Government”) on 16 March 1998 and 15 May 1998 respectively, within the three-month period laid down by former Articles 32 § 1 and 47 of the Convention. It originated in an application (no. 29183/95) against the Notes by the Registry 1-2. Protocol No. 11 and the Rules of Court came into force on 1 November 1998. 3. Since the entry into force of Protocol No. 11, which amended Article 19, the Court has functioned on a permanent basis.