UNITED STATES V. MOHAMUD
31
In sum, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable
to the government, we cannot say that “no reasonable jury
could have concluded that [Mohamud was] predisposed to
commit the charged offense[].” Davis, 36 F.3d at 1430. We
therefore conclude that the district court properly rejected his
defense of entrapment as a matter of law.
Mohamud’s alternative argument that we should dismiss
this case because the government overreached in its “sting”
and violated due process also fails. While the government’s
conduct in this case was quite aggressive at times, it fell short
of a due process violation.
In United States v. Black, we made clear that
“[d]ismissing an indictment for outrageous government
conduct . . . is limited to extreme cases in which the
defendant can demonstrate that the government’s conduct
violates fundamental fairness and is so grossly shocking and
so outrageous as to violate the universal sense of justice.”
733 F.3d 294, 302 (9th Cir. 2013) (citation and internal
quotation marks omitted). This is an “extremely high
standard.” Id.; see also United States v. Pedrin, 797 F.3d
792, 797 (9th Cir. 2015) (“[I]n assessing whether the
government’s conduct was ‘outrageous,’ the relevant question
is what the government knew when it was setting up the sting,
not what it learned later.”). For example, we have denied
challenges to sting operations involving armed robberies of
phony drug stash houses which necessarily put law
enforcement and the defendant in grave peril. See Black,
733 F.3d at 302; Williams, 547 F.3d at 1200–01. Mohamud
argues that the six factors for evaluating outrageous
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