5 the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (for short, ‘IPC’) and Sections 199(1) to 199(4) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (for short, “CrPC”). It is necessary to note here that when the Writ Petition (Crl) No. 184 of 2014 was taken up for consideration, Dr. Subramanian Swamy, the petitioner appearing in-person, had drawn our attention to paragraph 28 of the decision in R. Rajagopal alias R.R. Gopal and another v. State of T.N. and others1 which reads as follows:“In all this discussion, we may clarify, we have not gone into the impact of Article 19(1)(a) read with clause (2) thereof on Sections 499 and 500 of the Indian Penal Code. That may have to await a proper case.” 3. Dr. Swamy had also drawn our attention to the observations made in N. Ravi and others v. Union of India and others2, which are to the following effect:“Strictly speaking on withdrawal of the complaints, the prayer about the validity of Section 499 has also become academic, but having regard to the importance of the question, we are of the view, in 1 (1994) 6 SCC 632 2 (2007) 15 SCC 631 Page 5