Law No. 39 Year 1999 - Concerning Human Rights REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA LEGISLATION NUMBER 39 OF 1999 CONCERNING HUMAN RIGHTS THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA ---------------------------------------REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA LEGISLATION NUMBER 39 OF 1999 CONCERNING HUMAN RIGHTS WITH THE MERCY OF GOD ALMIGHTY THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA, Considering: a. whereas human beings, as creations of God Almighty charged with the task of managing and protecting the universe, with total devotion to and responsibility for the welfare of humanity, being His creation are bestowed with basic rights to guarantee their human dignity and worth, and harmony with their environment; b. whereas human rights are basic rights bestowed by God on human beings, are universal and eternal in nature, and for this reason must be protected, respected and upheld, and may not be disregarded, diminished, or appropriated by anyone whosoever; c. whereas besides basic rights, humans also have basic obligations to one another and to society as a whole, with regard to society, nation and state; d. whereas as a member of the United Nations, the nation of Indonesia has a moral and legal responsibility to respect, execute, and uphold the Universal Declaration on Human Rights promulgated by the United Nations, and several other international instruments concerning human rights ratified by the Republic of Indonesia; e. now, therefore, upon consideration of paragraphs a, b, and c, and to implement Decree of the People's Legislative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia Number XVII/MPR/1998 concerning Human Rights, it is considered necessary to enact provisions in an Act concerning Human Rights; In view of: 1. Article 5 clause (1), Article 20 clause (1), Article 27 clause (1) and clause (2), Article 28, Article 29 clause (1) and clause (2), Article 30, and Article 31, Article 32, Article 333 clause (1) and clause (3), and Article 34 of the 1945 Constitution; 2. Decree of the People's Legislative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia No. XVII/MPR/1998 concerning Human Rights; with approval of THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE REPULIC OF INDONESIA DECREES To enact: ACT CONCERNING HUMAN RIGHTS CHAPTER 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 The terms used in this Act have the following meanings: 1. Human rights mean a set of rights bestowed by God Almighty in the essence and being of humans as creations of God which must be respected, held in the highest esteem and protected by the state, law, Government, and all people in order to protect human dignity and worth. 2. Human obligations mean a set of obligations which, if not undertaken, would make it impossible for human rights to be executed and upheld. 3. Discrimination means all limitations, affronts or ostracism, both direct and indirect, on grounds of differences in religion, ethnicity, race, group, faction, social status, economic status, sex, language, or political belief, that results in the degradation, aberration, or eradication of recognition, execution, or application of human rights and basic freedoms in political, economic, legal, social, cultural, or any other aspects of life. 4. Torture means all deliberate acts that cause deep pain and suffering, both physical or emotional, inflicted on an individual person to obtain information or knowledge from that person