Justice K.S.Puttaswamy(Retd) vs Union Of India on 26 September, 2018 following discussion: 103. A corollary of this development is that while so long the negative language of Article 21 and use of the word deprived was supposed to impose upon the State the negative duty not to interfere with the life or liberty of an individual without the sanction of law, the width and amplitude of this provision has now imposed a positive obligation (Vincent Panikurlangara v. Union of India) upon the State to take steps for ensuring to the individual a better enjoyment of his life and dignity e.g.: (i) Maintenance and improvement of public health (Vincent Panikurlangara v. Union of India). (ii) Elimination of water and air pollution (M.C. Mehta v. Union of India). (iii) Improvement of means of communication (State of H.P. v. Umed Ram Sharma). (iv) Rehabilitation of bonded labourers (Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India). (v) Providing human conditions in prisons (Sher Singh v. State of Punjab) and protective homes (Sheela Barse v. Union of India). (vi) Providing hygienic condition in a slaughterhouse (Buffalo Traders Welfare Assn. v. Maneka Gandhi). 104. The common golden thread which passes through all these pronouncements is that Article 21 guarantees enjoyment of life by all citizens of this country with dignity, viewing this human right in terms of human development. 105. The concepts of justice social, economic and political, equality of status and of opportunity and of assuring dignity of the individual incorporated in the Preamble, clearly recognise the right of one and all amongst the citizens of these basic essentials designed to flower the citizen's personality to its fullest. The concept of equality helps the citizens in reaching their highest potential. Thus, the emphasis is on the development of an individual in all respects. 110) Christopher McCrudden, an Oxford Academic, in his article Human Dignity and Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights 47 published in the European Journal of International Law on September 01, 2008 traces the evolution of concept of human dignity. In substance, his analysis is that in the early stages of social evolution, human dignity was understood as a concept associated with status. Only those individuals were considered worthy of respect who enjoyed a certain status within the social construct. Though one finds statements about dignity of humans as human beings on account of the human being the highest creation of God and his possession of mind and the power of reason in the Oration of Marcus Tullius Cicero, a Roman Politician and Philosopher (63 BC), and in the works of Pico della 47 Published in the European Journal of International Law on September 01, 2008 Mirandola, a Reformation Humanist (1486) On the dignity of man, yet there Indian Kanoon - http://indiankanoon.org/doc/127517806/ 101