Justice K.S.Puttaswamy(Retd) vs Union Of India on 26 September, 2018 - Executive head of State known as President and his being the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces - Vice-President as the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha - Bill of Rights - Supreme Court - Provision of States - Independence of Judiciary and judicial review - Preamble - Removal of Supreme Court and High Court Judges From USSR - Fundamental Duties - Five Year Plan From Australia - Concurrent List - Language of the preamble - Provision regarding trade, commerce and intercourse From Japan - Law on which the Supreme Court function From Weimar - Suspension of Fundamental Rights during Constitution of the emergency Germany From Canada - Scheme of federation with a strong centre - Distribution of powers between the centre and the states and placing residuary powers with the centre From Ireland - Concept of Directive Principles of States Policy - Method of election of President - Nomination of members in the Rajya Sabha by the President It was, therefore, but natural to find out the manner in which particular provisions have been interpreted by the constitutional courts of the aforesaid countries. Case law of this Court would reflect this for interpreting the provisions relating to Inter-State Trade, Commerce & Intercourse. The case law of the Australian High Court is liberally referred as this Chapter is influenced by the provisions contained in the Australian Constitution. Likewise, for interpreting provisions of Part IX of the Constitution on Relations between the Union and the States where Canadian model is followed, the judgments of Canadian Supreme Court have been cited by this Court from time to time. Influence of U.S. Constitutionalism, tempered by the wish to preserve Indias own characteristics, while interpreting chapter relating to fundamental rights as well as power of judicial review is also discernible. A critical analysis of the various judgments of this Court, where foreign precedents are cited8, formulates four typologies of use, namely: Indian Kanoon - http://indiankanoon.org/doc/127517806/ 48