 Revenue collection to be transparent and accountable.  All arms of government implement and manage locally built back-end and front-end systems to deliver services.  E-services are provided on platforms that are secure from fraud and breach of privacy of personal information.  All government systems currently developed and all future systems be integrated with each other.  All government services be available online. Every citizen to have online access and that government services are delivered quickly and fully at the time and place that they are needed.  Kenyan data remains in Kenya, and that it is stored safely and in a manner that protects the privacy of citizens. The Government will be efficient, secure and open. It will be recognised internationally for its innovations and quality in public service delivery. This policy requires and mandates the use of Universal Personal Identifier (UPI) for all civil servants and citizens and a local payment scheme for Government transactions. Innovation in modern economy in which new knowledge plays a central role in boosting wealth creation, social welfare and international competitiveness. This will be done through: economic and institutional regime that utilises existing knowledge; creation of new knowledge and entrepreneurship; educated and skilled population; dynamic information and communication infrastructure that facilitate processing and dissemination; and effective innovation system and research. 5.2 Rationale for Policy Review The review of the policy has been necessitated by the rapid changes and developments since 2006 in order to keep abreast with development of emerging technologies. The review is therefore necessary to cater for the changes in legal and regulatory frameworks, technology advancement and emerging issues. These developments include:  Legal and Regulatory Frameworks: Enactment of Constitution of Kenya 2010, Kenya Information and Communication Act 2013, Media Act 2013 and restructuring of Government functions.  Technological Advancement: There have been many changes in the technological and competitive space since 2006, some of these include the convergence of ICT technologies, Migration from analogue to digital TV broadcasting and its effect on broadcasting market segment and radio spectrum, and advancement of mobile technology enabling new services.  Emerging Issues: Increased IT enabled services, increased demand on bandwidth and for Quality of Service (QoS), Challenges of cyber security, Regional integration projects and Harmonisation of ICT policies in the international and regional fore, Content in the era of media convergence and globalisation; Global partnership on Child Online Protection and changing consumer preferences. 5 Background 5.1 ICT and Vision 2030 The Vision 2030, Kenya’s Long Term Development Blueprint aims to create a globally competitive and prosperous nation, transforming Kenya into a newly industrialising, middle-income country providing a high quality of life to all its citizens by 2030 in a clean and secure environment. Vision 2030 three pillars, namely the Economic, Social and Political are anchored on macroeconomic stability; continuity in governance reforms; enhanced equity and wealth creation opportunities for the poor. The Economic Pillar that captures the expectations of the ICT market seeks to improve the prosperity of all regions of the country and all Kenyans by achieving a 10% GDP growth rate by 2017. ICT is identified as enabler or foundation for socio economic transformation. The Vision recognises the role of Science, Technology and Ministry of ICT, Kenya 5.3 Guiding Principles of the ICT Policy In the development of this policy, these principles were taken into account: 9/37 November-2019