03/02/2020 G.R. No. 203335 84 Cybercrime Law, Section 4(a)(1),. 85 Id., Section 4(a)(3) 86 Id., Section 4(c)(1) 87 Id., Section 4(c)(2) 88 Supra note 14. 89 Id. at 433-437. 90 429 U.S. 589 (1977). 91 Id. at 599. 92 Supra note 13, at 206. 93 Jonathan Strickland, How IP Convergence Works, http://computer.howstuffworks.com/ip-convergence2.htm (last accessed May 10, 2013). 94 442 U.S. 735 (1979). 95 Supra note 80, at 983. 96 Supra note 14, at 437, citing Emerson, Nine Justices in Search of a Doctrine, 64 Mich. Law Rev. 219, 229 (1965). 97 G.R. No. 203391 (Palatino v. Ochoa). 98 Biraogo v. Philippine Truth Commission, G.R. Nos. 192935 and 193036, December 7, 2010, 637 SCRA 78, 143; ADMINISTRATIVE CODE of 1987, Book I, Chapter 9, Section 37, and Book VII, Chapter 1, Section 13. 99 Computer data is defined by R.A. 10175 as follows: "SEC. 3. Definition of Terms. x x x xxxx (e) Computer data refers to any representation of facts, information, or concepts in a form suitable for processing in a computer system including a program suitable to cause a computer system to perform a function and includes electronic documents and/or electronic data messages whether stored in local computer systems or online." 100 Pita v. Court of Appeals, supra note 30, at 151. 101 Chavez v. Gonzales, 569 Phil. 155 (2008). 102 Entitled PENALIZING OBSTRUCTION OF APPREHENSION AND PROSECUTION OF CRIMINAL OFFENDERS. 103 Gerochi v. Department of Energy, 554 Phil. 563 (2007). 104 REPUBLIC ACT 10175, Section 3(k). 105 Supra note 94. 106 Gerochi v. Department of Energy, supra note 103, at 586, citing Rubi v. Provincial Board of Mindoro, 39 Phil. 660 (1919). The Lawphil Project - Arellano Law Foundation https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2014/feb2014/gr_203335_2014.html 19/19