Article 87 The Treaties or Agreements regularly ratified have, on their publication, an authority superior to that of the laws, provided, for each Treaty or Agreement, that it is applied by the other party. TITLE VII OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COUNCIL Article 88 The Constitutional Council is [the] judge of the constitutionality of the law. It is the regulating organ of the functioning of the public powers. Article 89 The Constitutional Council is composed: — of a President; — of the former [anciens] Presidents of the Republic, except [on] express renunciation on their part; — of six councillors[,] of which three are designated by the President of the Republic and three by the President of the National Assembly. The Constitutional Council is renewed by halves every three years. Article 90 The President of the Constitutional Council is appointed by the President of the Republic for a term of six years, non-renewable, from among persons recognized for their competence in juridical or administrative matters. Before his entry into his functions, he takes an oath before the President of the Republic in these terms: “I swear to well and faithfully fulfill my function, to exercise it with all independence and in all impartiality with respect of the Constitution, to maintain [garder] the secrecy of the deliberations and of the votes, the same after the cessation of my functions, to take no public position in the political, economic or social domains, to give no consultations of private character [titre] on the issues relevant to the competence of the Constitutional Council.” Article 91 The Councillors are appointed for a non-renewable term of six years by the President of the Republic from among persons recognized for their competence in juridical or administrative matters. Before entry into their functions, they take an oath before the President of the Constitutional Council, in these terms: