ARGUMENTS ON BEHALF OF PETITIONER ........................... 9 ARGUMENTS ON BEHALF OF RESPONDENT NO. 2 ........... 12 THE ORDERS IMPUGNED BEFORE THIS COURT ............... 13 ANALYSIS & FINDINGS................................................................ 18 I. ARGUMENT THAT THE COMPLAINT WAS WITHDRAWN EARLIER .......................................................................................... 18 II. THE OFFENCE OF DEFAMATION ...................................... 21 Meaning and Definition ............................................................................... 21 Provisions of Law ......................................................................................... 23 Essential Ingredients to Constitute Offence of Defamation .................. 25 Issuance of Process/Summons vis-a-vis Offence of Defamation: Material Considerations ............................................................................... 28 III. BALANCING CRITICAL YET COMPETING INTERESTS: FREEDOM OF SPEECH & EXPRESSION Vs PROTECTING A PERSON FROM REPUTATIONAL INJURY .............................. 31 IV. MEETING THE CHALLENGE OF ADJUDICATING GREY AREA OF LAW NOT YET EFFECTIVELY ADJUDICATED UPON: LAYING FOUNDATION STONE OF JURISPRUDENCE .......................................................................... 33 Pace of Spread of Scandalous Content: From the Echo of Whispers in Pre-Digital Era compared to the Spread at Lightning Speed of Digital Dissemination in Digital Era ....................................................................... 35 V. ‘RETWEETING’ A DEFAMATORY IMPUTATION WILL AMOUNT TO ‘PUBLICATION’ FOR THE PURPOSE OF APPLICABILITY OF SECTION 499 OF IPC ................................ 36 VI. REACH & INFLUENCE OF THE PERSON RETWEETING DEFAMATORY CONTENT .......................................................... 41 VII. WILL EVERY ‘RETWEET’ ATTRACT ACTION UNDER SECTION 499 OF IPC? ................................................................... 42 VIII. WHETHER PETITIONER IS LIABLE TO BE SUMMONED FOR HIS ACT OF RETWEETING THE ALLEGEDLY DEFAMATORY CONTENT? ................................ 45 CONCLUSION ................................................................................ 49 Signature Not Verified Digitally Signed By:ZEENAT PRAVEEN Signing Date:05.02.2024 16:25:50 CRL.M.C. 6347/2019 Page 2 of 50

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