Summary of Dissenting Opinion of Three Justices Although the Provisions at Issue may restrict anonymous expression by verifying the real name of a user who posts information, they only do so when such information contains ‘his/her support for or opposition to candidates or political parties’ and is posted ‘on the bulletin board, chat room, etc. of an internet news site’ ‘during an election campaign period.’ ‘During an election campaign period’ political parties and candidates compete with each other for the concrete goal of winning an election and voters competitively express their political opinions regarding the election. Such intense competition may lead to negative propaganda or attempts to manipulate public opinion. As an ‘internet news site’ is part of the mass media wielding influence in forming public opinion, it has a greater public responsibility for ensuring a fair election during an election campaign period. The Provisions at Issue broadly define an internet news site because of the low entry barrier in its establishment and operation. If an internet news site serves the role of the press, it has a responsibility to maintain objectivity and impartiality commensurate with its status. ‘A person’s support for or opposition to candidates or political parties’ is political expression, which directly relates to the election results and fiercely competes with the political expression of others during election campaign periods. Under such distinctive features and circumstances, where false or distorted information expressing a person’s support for or opposition to political parties and candidates is irresponsibly posted on the bulletin board, etc. of a renowned internet news site, the effects can be compounded by the negative consequences that may occur in the internet environment. These include the rapid and widespread dissemination and reproduction of the posting, the acquisition of biased information, and the reinforcement of bias. These factors make it difficult to facilitate autonomous correction of such information through discussion, etc. and, thereby, undermine a fair election. If a verified person posts information, etc. on the bulletin board, chat - 32 -