SPECIAL COLLECTION OF THE CASE LAW ON FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION Table of contents 5 Introduction 6 SLAPPs under existing legal frameworks 8 Protection against SLAPPs in national laws 8 Protection against SLAPPs in international human rights standards 9 Key findings from analysis of selected court decisions 11 Courts are starting to explicitly recognise the concept and danger of SLAPPs 11 Courts are referring to anti-SLAPP protection in other jurisdictions 12 Courts are highlighting the need to adopt legislative protection against SLAPPs 14 Courts are relying on existing abuse of process provisions when dismissing SLAPP cases 15 Courts are considering whether defendants are targeted for expressions about matters of public interest 18 Protection for SLAPPs is offered by the courts of the highest level 22 Courts are/are not granting costs of litigation to victims of SLAPPs 23 Conclusions 25 5