DERECHOS DIGITALES CYBERSECURITY IN LATIN AMERICA: NATIONAL STRATEGIES IN 2024 6 1. INTRODUCTION Cybersecurity in Latin America has evolved unevenly, reflecting a diversity of national contexts and strategic priorities. This document maps already adopted or under development cybersecurity policies and strategies in different countries in the region, from those formalized and in full implementation to initial planning and consultation efforts. The integration of national and international perspectives is essential to understanding the regional landscape. This analysis overlooks a detailed consideration of the institutional and legal frameworks underpinning the strategies, as well as the concrete actions proposed to address the growing cyber threats. From Brazil, with its consolidated E-Ciber strategy, to cases such as Honduras and El Salvador, where progress is incipient, there is a significant gap in capabilities and resources which influences policy effectiveness. This disparity requires a very different scale of effort. The goal of this text is to provide a comprehensive view of cybersecurity in Latin America in 2024, assessing achievements, and identifying areas requiring urgent attention and opportunities to strengthen regional cooperation. This perspective will enable stakeholders to elaborate more coordinated and effective responses to emerging threats in cyberspace. 2. NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY STRATEGIES IN LATIN AMERICA 2.1. Argentina: Second National Cybersecurity Strategy Argentina has made significant progress in its approach to cybersecurity with the implementation of the Second National Cybersecurity Strategy, approved by Resolution 44/2023 of the Secretariat of Public Innovation in September 20231. Developed by the National Cybersecurity Committee, this document establishes national guidelines for cyberspace protection, aiming to prevent actions that could impact the administration of the State, organizations, essential services, and the general public. The new strategy addresses issues such as gender perspective and human rights incorporation, attention to vulnerable sectors, and specific considerations related to emerging technological developments, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), 5G, and cloud services. It also focuses on digital sovereignty and promotes collaborative multi-stakeholder governance. The document includes eight Guiding Principles, namely: Peace and Security in Cyberspace, Respect for Human Rights and Fundamental Freedom, Capacity Building and Federal Strengthening, International Cooperation, Cybersecurity Culture and Shared Responsibility, Strengthening Socioeconomic Development, Security for People in Vulnerable Situations or Historically Discriminated, Gender Perspective and Human Rights. (1) Available at: https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/detalleAviso/primera/293377/20230904